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European Accessibility Act: Romania (Legea nr. 232/2022)
RO- Applies from
- 2025-06-28
- Maximum penalty
- No single fixed euro figure — see why.
- Enforcement authority
- Autoritatea Națională pentru Protecția Consumatorilor (ANPC) — general/default market surveillance authority (Art. 19), directly covering hardware, self-service terminals, e-readers and banking services; sector regulators handle their own areas, e.g. Consiliul Național al Audiovizualului (CNA) for audiovisual media services and the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure for transport-related services. — https://www.anpc.ro/
- Microenterprise exemption
- Yes — under the EAA's EU-wide microenterprise exemption for services
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- National law
- Legea nr. 232/2022 privind cerințele de accesibilitate aplicabile produselor și serviciilor
- File a complaint
- https://eservicii.anpc.ro/
- Notes
- Penalty (Art. 27(1) of Law 232/2022) is a tiered contravenție fine schedule in RON, not a single figure: as low as RON 2,500 for incorrect CE conformity marking (Art. 27(3)), through several RON 5,000-12,000 bands, up to RON 15,000 for the most serious categories identified (failure to provide required product/accessibility documentation to authorities, and failure by service providers to supply required accessibility information). These are fixed RON figures, not euro amounts, and RON floats (in a managed band) against the euro. At the Banca Națională a României reference rate of approximately 5.24 RON/EUR (2026-08-10), the RON 15,000 ceiling is illustratively approximately €2,863 — this converted figure is illustrative only; the legally binding amount is always the RON one.
Who is obligated in Romania
Romania transposed the EAA via Law 232/2022, published in Monitorul Oficial nr. 743/2022 but with its substantive obligations entering into force only on 2025-06-28 (Art. 30). It covers the standard EU list: general-purpose computer hardware and operating systems, consumer terminal equipment for electronic communications (smartphones), e-readers, self-service terminals (ATMs, ticketing and check-in machines, payment terminals), plus e-commerce, banking, e-books, electronic communications, audiovisual media access, and passenger-transport-information services. The law explicitly reaches retail-banking and financial services, telecoms, and audiovisual media as named obligated sectors. The standard EU microenterprise exemption applies to services only (Art. 4(5)): businesses with fewer than 10 employees and either annual turnover or balance-sheet total under €2 million are exempt from the service-side accessibility requirements, though microenterprises manufacturing physical products remain subject to the product requirements. One national wrinkle carries a later date: a specific disproportionate-burden-assessment provision (Art. 4(8)) only takes effect 2027-06-28, two years after the general rule.
What happens if you don't comply
Market surveillance is led by ANPC (Autoritatea Națională pentru Protecția Consumatorilor), which under Art. 19 directly verifies compliance for hardware, self-service terminals, e-readers and banking services, while other sectors are checked by their own regulators — for example the audiovisual regulator CNA for media services and the Ministry of Transport for transport-related services. Beyond fines, authorities can order product withdrawal or recall from the market and suspend or withdraw an operator's authorization to trade during the non-compliance period — a remedial track that can run separately from or alongside the monetary fine. Penalties are structured as contravenții (administrative-offense fines) under Art. 27(1), tiered by violation type: as low as RON 2,500 for incorrect CE conformity marking (Art. 27(3), paired with mandatory market withdrawal), rising through several RON 5,000-12,000 bands up to RON 15,000 for the most serious categories — failure to provide required product documentation to authorities, and failure by service providers to supply required accessibility information. Whether repeat violations escalate the fine further could not be confirmed against an official source.
How this differs from the EU baseline
Romania's transposition leans on remedial market-surveillance powers as much as on fines: authorities can suspend or withdraw an operator's trading authorization for the duration of non-compliance, a lever with more day-to-day bite than the relatively modest RON 15,000 (roughly €2,860) statutory fine ceiling, which is low compared to several Western European peers' five- and six-figure euro caps. Enforcement is split by sector (ANPC as the general/default authority, with the audiovisual and transport regulators handling their own areas) rather than concentrated in one body. Romania also built in a staggered timeline unusual among peers: while the general accessibility obligations bind from 2025-06-28 like everywhere else in the EU, one disproportionate-burden-assessment provision doesn't bind operators until 2027-06-28, two full years later.
How to complain
Consumers can file online through ANPC's eservicii.anpc.ro portal, which requires creating an account and offers both formal complaints ('cu număr de înregistrare, cu caracter juridic') and quick reports without legal standing. ANPC also runs a separate SAL/ADR portal for consumer-trader dispute resolution outside the courts, and a late-response escalation page if a prior complaint misses its legal response deadline. In-person filing is also available at ANPC's Bucharest headquarters (Mon-Thu 8:00-16:00, Fri 8:00-14:00) and regional offices. Whether third parties (not just the affected consumer) can file, an anonymity policy, and an accessibility-law-specific response-time guarantee are not stated on the page; ANPC's general complaint-handling deadlines apply.
Frequently asked questions about the EAA in Romania
- What is the maximum EAA fine in Romania?
- Romania does not set a single fixed euro maximum in its implementing law. Penalty (Art.
- Who enforces the European Accessibility Act in Romania?
- Autoritatea Națională pentru Protecția Consumatorilor (ANPC) — general/default market surveillance authority (Art. 19), directly covering hardware, self-service terminals, e-readers and banking services; sector regulators handle their own areas, e.g. Consiliul Național al Audiovizualului (CNA) for audiovisual media services and the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure for transport-related services. Details are published at https://www.anpc.ro/.
- Since when does the EAA apply in Romania?
- The requirements apply from 28 June 2025, the EU-wide date, transposed into Romania by Romania's national implementing law.
- Are small businesses exempt from the EAA in Romania?
- Only microenterprises — fewer than 10 staff and annual turnover or balance sheet total of €2 million or less — and only for services. A microenterprise in Romania that places a covered product on the market still has to make that product accessible.
- How do I report an inaccessible website in Romania?
- Complaints go to the national complaint route at https://eservicii.anpc.ro/. The enforcement authority above handles market surveillance separately.
Official source: https://legislatie.just.ro/public/DetaliiDocument/257778
Verified on 2026-09-29. This page is not legal advice — verify against the official source above before making compliance decisions.